Since the discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in 1984, laboratory diagnostics have evolved to continually improve laboratory capabilities. Due to the virus’s infectious nature and ability to spread quickly among humans, HIV became an active public health concern reaching epidemic proportions worldwide.
In the late 1980’s, APHL, then the Association of State and Territorial Public Health Laboratory Directors, worked with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to develop the first national algorithm for laboratory testing of HIV. This algorithm has become outdated with the introduction of newer and more accurate diagnostic tests. APHL is now collaborating with the CDC and other health partners to update and revise recommendations for HIV testing in the United States.
Public health laboratories play an important role in treatment, prevention and control of HIV by quickly identifying the virus using state-of-the-art diagnostic procedures. Test results are promptly reported to health care providers, so that a clinical diagnosis can be made and treatment options selected. Many public health laboratories also conduct testing to monitor the effectiveness of HIV treatment.
APHL’s HIV Program collaborates with CDC and other national health partners to develop best practices and guidelines for HIV testing. Laboratories nationwide rely upon this information to assure the quality and accuracy of HIV testing.